@Eridanos:
As a MEXICAN who lives in MEXICO I must say…
This is revolting.
And I'm talking about the students.
Honestly, if some had been brought to USA as children, by now they should be able to become legal citizens. Why them or their parents never bothered to legalize their status is beyond me. Can someone actually explain how legalization status works?
Here in Mexico we are having a backlash against Trump in the media, newspapers publishing stories of immigrants whose 'American Dreams' were shattered. I only see sloth and self-entitlement.
Also, most of USA seemed to have voted for Trump so they are right to backlash against the students' behavior, after all, the funding comes from taxpayers.
Students need to realize that having access to higher education doesn't make them special, but makes them more indebted to their country and society. Instead of protesting they should be thinking in solutions agreeable to both ends.
Firstly, most people did not vote for Trump, he lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million votes.
Secondly, I suppose you could look at what it takes to become a citizen and compare that to the typical economic status of a Mexican.
Applications take money and risk. If you're denied, you lose the money and you're deported if you're in the country. You don't get a refund.
For example, under NAFTA you can apply for a work visa that allows you to work for a specific company (sponsor) for about $420 plus attorney fees. This is the TN Visa. This lasts 3 years. You must reapply every 3 years and pay the new fee. You must also be in an industry or field that needs workers each time. You don't get in because you can afford it, you get in by meeting multiple criteria. This takes 2-3 months. Expedited processing (if you're in danger of being deported) adds about $1000. Your sponsor/employer must also re-up the agreement. If you lose the job for any reason and cannot find a new sponsor (I think the window is a few days at most) you must leave the US. You do not build time towards citizenship. So you could, in theory, do this every 3 years until Armageddon.
However, you're never a citizen and cannot apply for it since this visa doesn't count for time. This means you will pay taxes to the US Government but you cannot:
- Get Medicare
- Social Security benefits
- Unemployment benefits
So despite what you may have heard, these programs like healthcare are not available to all legal immigrants but you do pay into these accounts as if you were a citizen. Illegal immigrants, of course, don't have access to these either but they avoid the tax penalty.
What about being a citizen? Well, more complicated, especially if you have no family or spousal reason to immigrate.
This becomes an H1B visa. This visa has several significant hurdles.
- It requires corporate sponsorship. You cannot pay this yourself, it must be paid by the employer, it's about $8,000 to 10,000 for a company that employs more than 50 people, the cost doubled during Obama's tenure as President.
- You must be a skilled worker that cannot be found in the US and employed
- The employer must file a petition for your entrance and prove you're unique.
- There are limited numbers each year of these available.
- It can later be revoked. You have a few days to leave the country.
- You lose your job for any reason, you're also out.
I'm thinking (may have changed) you have to have 3 years for attaining residency and 5 to apply for citizenship. You have restrictions on travel and more. If you apply to a U.S. consulate for a new entry visa stamp, you run the risk that your application will be denied. If you're here on a TN visa and return to your home country to visit, you must reapply to enter and can be denied.
So, it's complicated.
Imagine being here legally and needing to go home to see your dying mother, well good luck. You may be denied re-entry even after going through the process again.
If you have a citizen relative, they can apply for your admission, but this can take, more or less, a decade.
If you're here on a student visa, you're not allowed to work.
So yeah, if you want to be a citizen legally, the burdens are significant based on limits, need, and cost. Curiously, as an American with immigrant friends, I thought this was a US thing. But I did look at moving to the UK for a job and it's the same thing. The rules are very similar. In the end, after the cost of moving myself to the UK and the hurdles involved, it was not worth it.
I thought it was so ironic when I told American friends and family the hoops I had to jump through to get into the UK, they were appalled! Why is it so hard?! (See also: Brexit) It was stupid, I had a job offer! But meanwhile in the US, with similar rules it's apparently not hard enough. So perspective matters….